ইহুদি: সংশোধিত সংস্করণের মধ্যে পার্থক্য

আন্তঃউইকি সংযোগ সম্পাদনা
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দৃশ্যমানউইকিপাঠ্য
অ বিষয়শ্রেণী:সেমেটিক জাতি যোগ হটক্যাটের মাধ্যমে
population info updated
৭ নং লাইন: ৭ নং লাইন:


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{{Infobox Ethnic group
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Jews <br /> יהודים (''Yehudim'')
|group = ইহুদি <br /> Jews <br /> יהודים (''Yehudim'')
|native_name = {{lang-he|יהודים}} ({{lang|he-Latn|''Yehudim''}})
|image = [[চিত্র:Jews2.png|<!--Please don't increase the following, otherwise too much space eaten by infobox, especially on smaller screens/windows:-->244px]]<br /><small>[[Albert Einstein]]{{•}} [[Maimonides]]<br />[[Golda Meir]]{{•}} [[Emma Lazarus]]</small>
|image = [[চিত্র:Jews2.png|<!--Please don't increase the following, otherwise too much space eaten by infobox, especially on smaller screens/windows:-->244px]]<br /><small>[[Albert Einstein]]{{•}} [[Maimonides]]<br />[[Golda Meir]]{{•}} [[Emma Lazarus]]</small>
|population = 13,155,000<ref name="JPPI2007">{{cite study |title=Annual Assessment |url=http://www.jpppi.org.il/JPPPI/SendFile.asp?DBID=1&LNGID=1&GID=489 |year=2007 |publisher=Jewish People Policy Planning Institute ([[Jewish Agency for Israel]]) |page=15 |format=PDF}}, based on {{cite book |title=American Jewish Year Book |publisher=[[American Jewish Committee]] |url=http://www.ajcarchives.org/main.php?GroupingId=10142 |volume=106 |year=2006}}</ref>
|population = '''13,746,100–17,936,400'''<ref name="Population of Jews">
|popplace = {{flag|Israel}} 5,393,000<ref name="JPPI2007"/> – 5,634,300<ref name="CBS2009">{{cite study |title=Statistical Abstract of Israel |url=http://www1.cbs.gov.il/www/hodaot2009n/11_09_208b.doc |year=2009 |publisher=Central Bureau of Statistics |format=DOC}}</ref>
''13.74 million'' (core Jewish population) according to:
⚫
|region1 = {{flag|United States}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/downloadFile.cfm?FileID=2941 |title=World Jewish Population, 2012 |first=Sergio |last=DellaPergola |authorlink=Sergio DellaPergola |editor1-first=Arnold |editor1-last=Dashefsky |editor1-link=Arnold Dashefsky |editor2-first=Ira |editor2-last=Sheskin |date=November 2, 2012 |work=Current Jewish Population Reports |publisher=North American Jewish Data Bank |location=[[Storrs, Connecticut]] |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |accessdate=September 21, 2013}}</ref>
|pop1 = 5,275,000<ref name="JPPI2007"/> – 6,444,000
⚫
|region1 = {{flag|Israel}}
|ref1 = <ref name="US2007">{{cite study |title=Statistical Abstract |url=http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/tables/09s0076.pdf |year=2007 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |format=PDF}}</ref>
|region2 = {{flag|France}}
|pop1 = 6,042,000
|ref1 = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4367878,00.html |title=Israel's population crosses 8 million mark |publisher=Ynetnews |date=April 14, 2013 |accessdate=April 14, 2013 }}</ref><ref>This figure does not include 300,000 Israeli ethnic Jews not considered to be Jewish under halakha</ref>
|pop2 = 490,000
|ref2 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|region2 = {{flag|United States}}
|region3 = {{flag|Canada}}
|pop2 = 5,425,000 (2011)
|ref2 = <ref name="JVIL2012">{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/downloadFile.cfm?FileID=2941 |title=World Jewish Population, 2012 |first=Sergio |last=DellaPergola |authorlink=Sergio DellaPergola |editor1-first=Arnold |editor1-last=Dashefsky |editor1-link=Arnold Dashefsky |editor2-first=Ira |editor2-last=Sheskin |date=November 2, 2012 |work=Current Jewish Population Reports |publisher=North American Jewish Data Bank |location=[[Storrs, Connecticut]] |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |accessdate=September 21, 2013}}</ref>&nbsp;– 6,800,000<ref name=american-jewish-population>An estimated figure, the following sources claim the number to be either slightly higher or lower:
|pop3 = 374,000
*{{cite journal|title=American Jewish Population Estimates: 2012|journal=[[Brandeis University]] - Steinhardt Social Research Institute|page=page 7 (Executive Summary&nbsp;— Key Findings)|url=http://www.brandeis.edu/ssri/pdfs/AmJewishPopEst2012.pdf|accessdate=21 October 2013}}</ref>
⚫
|ref3 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|region4 = {{flag|United Kingdom}}
|region3 = {{flag|France}}
|pop4 = 295,000
|pop3 = 480,000
|ref4 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref3 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region5 = {{flag|Russia}}
|region4 = {{flag|Canada}}
|pop5 = 225,000
|pop4 = 375,000
|ref5 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref4 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region6 = {{flag|Argentina}}
|region5 = {{nowrap|{{flag|United Kingdom}}}}
|pop6 = 184,000
|pop5 = 291,000
|ref6 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref5 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region7 = {{flag|Germany}}
|region6 = {{flag|Russia}}
|pop6 = 194,000&nbsp;– over 500,000<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Reports/World_Jewish_Population_2012.pdf | title=World Jewish Population, 2012 | publisher=North American Jewish Data Bank | date=November 2, 2012 | accessdate=21 July 2013 | author=DellaPergola, Sergio}}</ref>
⚫
|pop7 = 120,000
|ref7 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref6 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region8 = {{flag|Australia}}
|region7 = {{flag|Argentina}}
|pop8 = 104,000
|pop7 = 182,300
|ref8 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref7 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region9 = {{flag|Brazil}}
|region8 = {{flag|Germany}}
|pop9 = 96,000
|pop8 = 119,000
|ref9 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref8 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region10 = {{flag|Ukraine}}
|region9 = {{flag|Australia}}
|pop10 = 77,000
|pop9 = 107,500
|ref10 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref9 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|ref10 = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldjewishcongress.org/en/communities/26 |title=Hungary |publisher=[[World Jewish Congress]] |accessdate=2014-08-09}}</ref><ref>[http://www.adl.org/press-center/press-releases/anti-semitism-international/adl-says-strong-showing-for.html ADL Says Strong Showing For Anti-Semitic Party In Hungarian Elections 'A Vote For Hate']. Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved 2014-08-09.</ref>
|region11 = {{flag|South Africa}}
|pop11 = 72,000
|region10 = {{flag|Hungary}}
⚫
|pop10 = 100,000&nbsp;– 120,000
|ref11 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|region12 = {{flag|Hungary}}
|region11 = {{flag|Brazil}}
|pop12 = 49,000
|pop11 = 95,300
|ref12 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref11 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region13 = {{flag|Mexico}}
|region12 = {{flag|South Africa}}
|pop13 = 40,000
|pop12 = 70,800
|ref13 = <ref name="JPPI2007"/>
|ref12 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region14 = {{flag|Belgium}}
|region13 = {{flag|Ukraine}}
|pop13 = 67,000- 200,000<ref>''Aliyah from Ukraine Spikes'', By AFP and Arutz Sheva, First Publish: 5/4/2014</ref>
|pop14 = 31,200
⚫
|ref13 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|ref14 = <ref name="JVIL2006">{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/jewpop.html |title=The Jewish Population of the World (2006) |work=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]}}, based on {{cite book |title=American Jewish Year Book |publisher=[[American Jewish Committee]] |url=http://www.ajcarchives.org/main.php?GroupingId=10142 |volume=106 |year=2006}}</ref>
|region15 = {{flag|Netherlands}}
|region14 = {{flag|Mexico}}
|pop15 = 30,000
|pop14 = 39,400
|ref15 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref14 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region16 = {{flag|Italy}}
|region15 = {{flag|Belgium}}
|pop16 = 28,600
|pop15 = 30,300
|ref16 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref15 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region17 = {{flag|Chile}}
|region16 = {{flag|Netherlands}}
|pop17 = 20,700
|pop16 = 30,000
|ref17 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref16 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region18 = {{flag|Belarus}}
|region17 = {{flag|Italy}}
|pop18 = 18,200
|pop17 = 28,400
|ref18 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref17 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region19 = {{flag|Uruguay}}
|region18 = {{flag|Turkey}}
|pop19 = 18,000
|pop18 = 26,000
|ref19 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref18 = <ref>http://www.turkishjews.com/</ref>
|region20 = {{flag|Switzerland}}
|region19 = {{flag|Chile}}
|pop20 = 17,900
|pop19 = 18,500
|ref20 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref19 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|region21 = {{flag|Turkey}}
|region20 = {{flag|Iran}}
|pop21 = 17,800
|pop20 = 8,756
|ref20 = <ref name=IranCensusMurder>{{cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-woman-brutally-murdered-in-iran-over-property-dispute/#ixzz3Ac6duaqw |title=Jewish woman brutally murdered in Iran over property dispute|publisher=The Times of Israel |date= November 28, 2012 |accessdate=Aug 16, 2014|quote=A government census published earlier this year indicated there were a mere 8,756 Jews left in Iran.}} See [[Persian Jews#Iran]]<!-- for more RS, info -->.</ref>
|ref21 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region21 = All other countries
|region22 = {{flag|Venezuela}}
|pop22 = 15,400
|pop21 = 250,200
|ref22 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|ref21 = <ref name="JVIL2012" />
|languages = '''Predominant spoken languages:'''<br />{{Hlist|[[English language|English]]|[[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]|[[Russian language|Russian]]|the [[vernacular]] languages of {{allow wrap|other countries in the [[Jewish diaspora|diaspora]]}}}}
|region23 = {{flag|Sweden}}
'''Historical languages:'''<br />{{Hlist|[[Yiddish language|Yiddish]]|[[Judaeo-Spanish|Ladino]]|[[Judeo-Arabic languages|Judeo-Arabic]]|[[Jewish languages|others]]}}
|pop23 = 15,000
'''Sacred languages:'''<br />{{Hlist|[[Biblical Hebrew]]|[[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]}}
|ref23 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
⚫
|religions = [[File:Star of David.svg|10px]] [[Judaism]]
|region24 = {{flag|Spain}}
|related = other [[Levant]]ines,<ref>{{Cite news|title=Studies Show Jews’ Genetic Similarity|first= Nicholas|last= Wade|date=June 9, 2010|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/10/science/10jews.html?_r=0|work=New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1007/s004390000426|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/tcga/tcgapdf/Nebel-HG-00-IPArabs.pdf|title=High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews|year=2000|last1=Nebel|first1=Almut|last2=Filon|first2=Dvora|last3=Weiss|first3=Deborah A.|last4=Weale|first4=Michael|last5=Faerman|first5=Marina|last6=Oppenheim|first6=Ariella|last7=Thomas|first7=Mark G.|journal=Human Genetics|volume=107|issue=6|pages=630–41|pmid=11153918}}</ref><ref name="evolutsioon">{{Cite journal|pmid=15300852|url=http://evolutsioon.ut.ee/publications/Shen2004.pdf|year=2004|last1=Shen|first1=P|last2=Lavi|first2=T|last3=Kivisild|first3=T|last4=Chou|first4=V|last5=Sengun|first5=D|last6=Gefel|first6=D|last7=Shpirer|first7=I|last8=Woolf|first8=E|last9=Hillel|first9=J|displayauthors=9|title=Reconstruction of patrilineages and matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli populations from Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA sequence variation|volume=24|issue=3|pages=248–60|doi=10.1002/humu.20077|journal=Human Mutation}}</ref><ref name="sciencedaily">{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2000/05/000509003653.htm |title=Jews Are The Genetic Brothers Of Palestinians, Syrians, And Lebanese |publisher=Sciencedaily.com |date=2000-05-09 |accessdate=2013-04-12}}</ref> [[Samaritans]],<ref name="evolutsioon" /> [[Arabs]],<ref name="evolutsioon" /><ref>{{Cite journal|pmc=3032072|year=2010|last1=Atzmon|first1=G|last2=Hao|first2=L|last3=Pe'Er|first3=I|last4=Velez|first4=C|last5=Pearlman|first5=A|last6=Palamara|first6=PF|last7=Morrow|first7=B|last8=Friedman|first8=E|last9=Oddoux|first9=C|displayauthors=9|title=Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry|volume=86|issue=6|pages=850–859|doi=10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015|journal=American Journal of Human Genetics|pmid=20560205}}</ref> [[Assyrians]]<ref name="evolutsioon" /><ref name="sciencedaily" />
|pop24 = 12,000
|ref24 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region25 = {{flag|Iran}}
|pop25 = 10,800
|ref25 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region26 = {{flag|Romania}}
|pop26 = 10,100
|ref26 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region27 = {{flag|Latvia}}
|pop27 = 9,800
|ref27 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region28 = {{flag|Austria}}
|pop28 = 9,000
|ref28 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region29 = {{flag|New Zealand}}
|pop29 = 6,900
|ref29 = <ref>{{cite web|title=Religious Affiliation (2006 Census)|url=http://www.stats.govt.nz/~/media/Statistics/Publications/Census/2006-reports/quickstats-subject/Culture-Identity/quickstats-about-culture-and-identity-tables.ashx|publisher=Statistics New Zealand|accessdate=27 July 2010}}</ref>
|region30 = {{flag|Azerbaijan}}
|pop30 = 6,800
|ref30 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region31 = {{flag|Denmark}}
|pop31 = 6,400
|ref31 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|region32 = {{flag|Panama}}
|pop32 = 5,000
|ref32 = <ref name="JVIL2006"/>
|languages = <table style="background:transparent;"><tr><td style="line-height:1.4em;">'''Historical [[Jewish languages]]'''<br />[[Hebrew]]{{·}} [[Yiddish]]{{·}} [[Ladino language|Ladino]]{{·}} [[Judeo-Arabic languages|Judeo-Arabic]]{{·}} [[Jewish languages|others]]<tr><td style="line-height:1.4em;">'''[[Liturgical language]]s'''<br />[[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]{{·}} [[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]<tr><td style="line-height:1.4em;">'''Predominant [[spoken language]]s'''<br />Hebrew, English, Yiddish, [[Russian language|Russian]], the [[vernacular]] languages of other countries in the [[Jewish diaspora]].</tr></table>
⚫
|religions = [[Judaism]]
|related =
}}<noinclude>
}}<noinclude>


১২:০৫, ১১ নভেম্বর ২০১৪ তারিখে সংশোধিত সংস্করণ

ইহুদি
Jews
יהודים (Yehudim)
হিব্রু ভাষায়: יהודים‎ (Yehudim)

Albert Einstein • Maimonides
Golda Meir • Emma Lazarus
মোট জনসংখ্যা
13,746,100–17,936,400[১]
উল্লেখযোগ্য জনসংখ্যার অঞ্চল
 Israel6,042,000[২][৩]
 United States5,425,000 (2011)[৪] – 6,800,000[৫]
 France480,000[৪]
 Canada375,000[৪]
 United Kingdom291,000[৪]
 Russia194,000 – over 500,000[৬][৪]
 Argentina182,300[৪]
 Germany119,000[৪]
 Australia107,500[৪]
 Hungary100,000 – 120,000[৭][৮]
 Brazil95,300[৪]
 South Africa70,800[৪]
 Ukraine67,000- 200,000[৯][৪]
 Mexico39,400[৪]
 Belgium30,300[৪]
 Netherlands30,000[৪]
 Italy28,400[৪]
 Turkey26,000[১০]
 Chile18,500[৪]
 Iran8,756[১১]
All other countries250,200[৪]
ভাষা
Predominant spoken languages:
Historical languages:
Sacred languages:
ধর্ম
Judaism
সংশ্লিষ্ট জনগোষ্ঠী
other Levantines,[১২][১৩][১৪][১৫] Samaritans,[১৪] Arabs,[১৪][১৬] Assyrians[১৪][১৫]

ইহুদি (হিব্রু:יְהוּדִים ইয়াহুদীম) মূলত একটি জাতি বা ধর্মীয় জনগোষ্ঠী যারা বনী-ইস্রায়েল জাতির অন্তর্গত এবং জাতিগতভাবে ইহুদি ধর্মের অনুসারী। ইব্রাহীমের পুত্র ইসহাক, তার পুত্র ইয়াকুব ওরফে ইসরাইল(ইস্রাঈল বা ইস্রায়েল) এর বংশধরগণ বনী-ইস্রায়েল নামে পরিচিত। ইয়াকুবের বারো পুত্রের নামে বনী-ইস্রায়েলের বারোটি গোষ্ঠীর জন্ম হয় যার মধ্যে ইয়াহুদা'র ছেলেমেয়েরা ইহুদি নামে পরিচিত।

তথ্যসূত্র

  1. ↑ 13.74 million (core Jewish population) according to:
    • DellaPergola, Sergio (নভেম্বর ২, ২০১২)। Dashefsky, Arnold; Sheskin, Ira, সম্পাদকগণ। "World Jewish Population, 2012" (PDF)। Current Jewish Population Reports। Storrs, Connecticut: North American Jewish Data Bank। সংগ্রহের তারিখ সেপ্টেম্বর ২১, ২০১৩। 
  2. ↑ "Israel's population crosses 8 million mark"। Ynetnews। এপ্রিল ১৪, ২০১৩। সংগ্রহের তারিখ এপ্রিল ১৪, ২০১৩। 
  3. ↑ This figure does not include 300,000 Israeli ethnic Jews not considered to be Jewish under halakha
  4. ↑ ক খ গ ঘ ঙ চ ছ জ ঝ ঞ ট ঠ ড ঢ ণ ত থ DellaPergola, Sergio (নভেম্বর ২, ২০১২)। Dashefsky, Arnold; Sheskin, Ira, সম্পাদকগণ। "World Jewish Population, 2012" (PDF)। Current Jewish Population Reports। Storrs, Connecticut: North American Jewish Data Bank। সংগ্রহের তারিখ সেপ্টেম্বর ২১, ২০১৩। 
  5. ↑ An estimated figure, the following sources claim the number to be either slightly higher or lower:
    • "American Jewish Population Estimates: 2012" (পিডিএফ)। Brandeis University - Steinhardt Social Research Institute: page 7 (Executive Summary — Key Findings)। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২১ অক্টোবর ২০১৩। 
  6. ↑ DellaPergola, Sergio (নভেম্বর ২, ২০১২)। "World Jewish Population, 2012" (পিডিএফ)। North American Jewish Data Bank। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২১ জুলাই ২০১৩। 
  7. ↑ "Hungary"। World Jewish Congress। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৪-০৮-০৯। 
  8. ↑ ADL Says Strong Showing For Anti-Semitic Party In Hungarian Elections 'A Vote For Hate'. Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved 2014-08-09.
  9. ↑ Aliyah from Ukraine Spikes, By AFP and Arutz Sheva, First Publish: 5/4/2014
  10. ↑ http://www.turkishjews.com/
  11. ↑ "Jewish woman brutally murdered in Iran over property dispute"। The Times of Israel। নভেম্বর ২৮, ২০১২। সংগ্রহের তারিখ আগস্ট ১৬, ২০১৪। A government census published earlier this year indicated there were a mere 8,756 Jews left in Iran.  See Persian Jews#Iran.
  12. ↑ Wade, Nicholas (জুন ৯, ২০১০)। "Studies Show Jews' Genetic Similarity"। New York Times। 
  13. ↑ Nebel, Almut; Filon, Dvora; Weiss, Deborah A.; Weale, Michael; Faerman, Marina; Oppenheim, Ariella; Thomas, Mark G. (২০০০)। "High-resolution Y chromosome haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs reveal geographic substructure and substantial overlap with haplotypes of Jews" (পিডিএফ)। Human Genetics। 107 (6): 630–41। ডিওআই:10.1007/s004390000426। পিএমআইডি 11153918। 
  14. ↑ ক খ গ ঘ Shen, P; Lavi, T; Kivisild, T; Chou, V; Sengun, D; Gefel, D; Shpirer, I; Woolf, E; Hillel, J (২০০৪)। "Reconstruction of patrilineages and matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli populations from Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA sequence variation" (পিডিএফ)। Human Mutation। 24 (3): 248–60। ডিওআই:10.1002/humu.20077। পিএমআইডি 15300852। 
  15. ↑ ক খ "Jews Are The Genetic Brothers Of Palestinians, Syrians, And Lebanese"। Sciencedaily.com। ২০০০-০৫-০৯। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৩-০৪-১২। 
  16. ↑ Atzmon, G; Hao, L; Pe'Er, I; Velez, C; Pearlman, A; Palamara, PF; Morrow, B; Friedman, E; Oddoux, C (২০১০)। "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era: Major Jewish Diaspora Populations Comprise Distinct Genetic Clusters with Shared Middle Eastern Ancestry"। American Journal of Human Genetics। 86 (6): 850–859। ডিওআই:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.04.015। পিএমআইডি 20560205। পিএমসি 3032072 অবাধে প্রবেশযোগ্য। 

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