উইকিপিডিয়া:লুয়া

উইকিপিডিয়া

Lua is a programming language that is available via the Scribunto MediaWiki extension on the English Wikipedia. Lua code can now be embedded into wiki templates by employing the "{{#invoke:}}" functionality of Scribunto. This extension supports Lua 5.1 জুলাই ২০১৫-এর হিসাব অনুযায়ী.

The Lua source code is stored in pages called মডিউলs (e.g., মডিউল:বানানাস). These individual modules are then invoked (by code {{#invoke:}}) on template pages (e.g. মডিউল:বানানাস/নথি uses the code {{#invoke:বানানাস|hello}} to print the text "Hello, world!").

একটি মডিউল চলমান

Modules are run on normal wiki pages using the #invoke parser function. The syntax of #invoke is similar to template syntax, but with some differences. The most important difference is that you need to specify a function name. A function is a set of instructions that takes input values, processes them, and returns an output value. This is much like what a template does: you give it arguments, it processes them, and you get a result. However, you can define many functions in one Lua module, whereas you can only define one template on one page.

Furthermore, you can't just run a Lua module directly - you can only run one of the module's functions. The module is just a container for the functions, and doesn't do anything by itself. So there are two reasons that we need to input a function name: we can't run a module by itself, and without specifying a function name, Lua will not know which function it is we want to run.

The simplest way to run a module from a wiki page is like this:

{{#invoke:module name|function name}}

For example, we can run মডিউল:বানানাস in this way, which has one function named "hello".

• {{#invoke:বানানাস|hello}} → Hello, world!

আর্গুমেন্ট ব্যবহার করে

Arguments are passed to modules in the same way that they are passed to templates. Note, however, that the text after the first pipe character is always the function name; the first positional argument is the text after the second pipe.

{{#invoke:module name|function name|first positional argument|second positional argument|named argument = value}}

For example, in মডিউল:BananasArgs, the "hello" function greets different people depending on the first positional argument. It works like this:

• {{#invoke:BananasArgs|hello|Kate}} → Hello, Kate!
• {{#invoke:BananasArgs|hello|Fred}} → Hello, Fred!

BananasArgs also has a function named "count_fruit" which uses the named arguments বানানাস and apples to count the number of bananas and apples we have. It can be run like this:

• {{#invoke:BananasArgs|count_fruit|apples=3|bananas=4}} → I have 4 bananas and 3 apples
• {{#invoke:BananasArgs|count_fruit|bananas=5|apples=2}} → I have 5 bananas and 2 apples

Most modules will have a documentation page explaining what arguments can be used and what their effects will be.

উদাহরণ মডিউল

• মডিউল:বানানাস: The simplest possible script, providing a single function with no arguments.
• মডিউল:সাধারণ উদাহরণ: Demonstrates how to use conditions and template parameters.
• মডিউল:BananasArgs: Demonstrates how to access and use parameters.

একটি স্ক্রিপ্ট অনুরোধ

Visit Wikipedia:Lua requests to request help in writing a Lua script to perform a specific task on Wikipedia or another Wikimedia Foundation project.

ইতিহাস

Sordid history. {{qif}}, ParserFunctions, Lua extension, wiki scripting language debated (JavaScript v. Lua), mw:Extension:WikiScripts, Tim writes Scribunto with initial support for Lua.

Discussed for years, Lua was installed in 2012 for testing on test2.wikipedia.org, with open invitation to all editors to experiment with developing Lua modules. Lua was installed on the English Wikipedia in February 2013, after testing on mediawiki.org and Wikimedia test wikis.

লুয়া সম্পর্কে

See also Brad Jorsch's short presentation for a basic example of how to convert a wikitext template into a Lua module.

Lua is a scripting language which can be used to analyze data, calculate expressions, and format results using functions or object-oriented programming. Although some Lua scripts can be kept simple, for easy understanding, Lua allows complex structures including tables, dynamic functions, and associative arrays where index subscripts can be words as well as index numbers. Lua also supports recursion of re-nested functions, so care should be taken to avoid excessive complexity where other users would not understand how to maintain a Lua module. The following is an example of Lua source code for a hello world function contained in মডিউল:HelloWorld:

local p = {}
 
function p.hello()
    return "Hello, world!"
end
 
return p

A sample of Lua is highlighted by tag "<source lang="lua">...</source>" placed around the Lua source code. To view some more complex examples of Lua, see article: "লুয়া (প্রোগ্রামিং ভাষা)".

For instructions on how to use Lua within MediaWiki (and hence Wikipedia), see mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual.

ইউনিট টেস্টিং

A unit testing framework for Lua scripts on Wikipedia is available at মডিউল:UnitTests. It allows you to execute your script on a given set of inputs and verify that the expected outputs are produced. Unit tests are especially useful for rapidly detecting regressions, where modifications to a script introduce new (or old) problems.

By convention, unit tests for a module like মডিউল:বানানাস are placed in মডিউল:বানানাস/testcases, and are executed on মডিউল আলোচনা:বানানাস/testcases with e.g. {{#invoke: বানানাস/testcases | run_tests}}. Test methods must begin with "test". A simple example from মডিউল:বানানাস/testcases is below.

-- Unit tests for [[মডিউল:বানানাস]]. Click talk page to run tests.
local p = require('মডিউল:UnitTests')
 
function p:test_hello()
    self:preprocess_equals('{{#invoke:বানানাস | hello}}', 'Hello, world!')
end
 
return p

For a list of all modules using unit tests, see Special:Whatlinkshere/মডিউল:UnitTests.

There's also an alternative unit testing framework in use called মডিউল:ScribuntoUnit, that originates from Hungarian Wikipedia. Feature-wise it's very similar to মডিউল:UnitTests, but it has a different coding style, and throws real errors that are trapped using protected calls. It also has a method to compare floats within a given precision.

উইকিপিডিয়া নির্দিষ্ট বৈশিষ্ট্য

Overall: Lua can only get input as text strings passed to the {{#invoke:}} and what can be fetched via mw.title.new(...):getContent() and frame:expandTemplate(). Lua output will not be preprocessed unless frame:preprocess() is explicitly called, meaning that template calls, parser functions, etc. in the output will not work correctly. Also, all Lua in the page is limited to 10 seconds CPU time (you can look in the source code of a rendered page to see how long a template or module took to parse). And relative to standard Lua, Scribunto's Lua lacks all sorts of functions (see mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual § Differences from standard Lua).

লুয়া ইনপুট সীমাবদ্ধতা

Lua code in Scribunto is only run when the page is being parsed. Therefore, the only user input that Lua can receive is by page editing - it cannot create a box that calculates the square root of a number you type in, or recalculate a piece of the Mandelbrot set depending on which part of the parent set you click on. The input Lua can receive includes any transcludeable text page on Wikipedia. This does not include graphics files (not even .SVG files, although they are actually text, unless you cut and paste it onto a Wiki text page), the list of pages listed in a category, nor the contents of non-transcludeable special pages.

উইকিপাঠ্য

Transcluded Wikipedia headers frequently contain a hidden code such as "UNIQ5ae8f2aa414ff233-h-3--QINU" which may need to be stripped out in order for them to be parsed effectively.

Wikilinks using the Pipe trick [[Wikipedia:Help|]] won't work if returned as output - they need to be written explicitly as [[Wikipedia:Help|Help]] Other pre-save transforms, such as replacing ~~~~ with signatures, will also fail to be processed. Template transclusions, parser function calls, and variable substitutions (i.e. anything with a {{...}}) will not be processed, nor will tags such as <ref> or <nowiki>.

লেবেল রূপান্তরিত টেমপ্লেট

Please place the {{lua}} template on the documentation subpage of all templates that use Lua. It will help to better communicate Lua usage and template conversions.

আরও দেখুন

ইংরেজি উইকিপিডিয়া-নির্দিষ্ট সম্পদ

• বিশেষ:উপসর্গ/মডিউল: – tracking of Lua modules can be done by using Special:PrefixIndex
• সাহায্য:লুয়া ডিবাগিং – a how-to guide about debugging Lua modules
• মডিউল:খেলাঘর provides a pseudo-namespace for experimenting with Lua modules
• উইকিপিডিয়া আলোচনা:লুয়া – requests for Lua-based templates or tasks
• বিষয়শ্রেণী:লুয়া-ভিত্তিক টেমপ্লেট – groups of Lua-based templates
• বিষয়শ্রেণী:লুয়া মেটামডিউল –

মিডিয়াউইকি লুয়া নথিপত্র

• Manual:Coding conventions/Lua – standards to improve the readability of code through consistency
• mw:Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual