স্থানীয় বক্তার সংখ্যা অনুসারে ভাষার তালিকা

উইকিপিডিয়া, মুক্ত বিশ্বকোষ থেকে
Current distribution of Human Language Families

সূচিপত্র

[সম্পাদনা] প্রথম ২০টি

আরও তথ্যের জন্য দেখুন: সবচেয়ে কথিত ভাষাসমূহের এথ্‌নোলগ তালিকা
ভাষা পরিবার এথ্‌নোলগ (২০০৫ সালের হিসাব)[১] এনকার্টা আনুমানিক হিসাব[২] অন্যান্য আনুমানিক হিসাব এথ্‌নোলগ আনুমানিক হিসাব আনুসারে অবস্থান
ম্যান্ডারিন সিনো-তিবেতান ভাষা, চীনা ভাষা ৮৭৩,০০০,০০০ ১,২১০,০০০,০০০ [২] ৮৮২,০০০,০০০ স্থানীয়, ১৭৮,০০০,০০০ দ্বিতীয় ভাষা = মোট ১,০৫০,০০০,০০০ total [৩] ১
হিন্দি ভাষা + উর্দু ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 366,000,000 [৪] 366,000,000 Standard Hindi 325,000,000, Ancient Hindi 100,000,000; as opposed to Urdu languages, does not include Maithili. 2
স্পেনীয় ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Italic, Romance 358,000,000 [৫] 322 to 358,000,000 [৬] Ethnologue lists 322[৭] (in 1986) to 358 (in 1999) million native speakers[৮]. Total of 417 million including second-language speakers (1999).[৯][১০] 3
ইংরেজি ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Germanic, West 341,000,000 [১১] 341,000,000 Over 1,500,000,000 worldwide.[১২] Also see List of countries by English-speaking population which numbers 850,000,000 worldwide (as a total of first and additional language spoken) . 4
আরবি ভাষা আফ্রো-এশিটিক ভাষাগোষ্ঠি।আফ্রো-এশিটিক, Semitic 206,000,000 422,000,000 246 million as a second language[১৩].Total population of Arab countries: 323 million (CIA 2006 est). 5
পর্তুগিজ ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Italic, রোমাঞ্চ ভাষাগোষ্ঠি।রোমাঞ্চ 177,500,000 250,000,000

176 million native [১৪].

 6
বাংলা ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 171,000,000 207,000,000 196 million native (2004 CIA) (includes ১ কোটি ৪০ লক্ষ Chittagonian এবং ১ কোটি ৩ লক্ষ Sylheti). 7
রুশ ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Slavic, East 170,000,000 167,000,000 165 million native, 110 million second language = 275 million total 8
জাপানি ভাষা Japanese-Ryukyuan 122,000,000 125,000,000 128 million native, 2 million second language = 130 million total 9
জার্মান ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Germanic, West 100,000,000 100,100,000 101 million native (88 million Standard German, 5 million Swiss German, 8 million Austrian German), 60 million second language in EU[১৫] + 5 - 20 million worldwide. 101 million native, ~70 million second language, ~170 million total 10
পাঞ্জাবি ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, Indo-Iranian, ইন্দো-আর্য 88,000,000 57,000,000 61–62 million (2000 WCD) (taken together with Eastern Punjabi (28 million) and Siraiki (14 million): 104 million total) 11
ফরাসি ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, ইটালিক, রোমাঞ্চ ভাষাগোষ্ঠি।রোমাঞ্চ 79,572,000 [১৬]
 78,000,000
 260 million including second-language speakers[১৭], total of 500 million people around the globe including those with significant knowledge of the language. Wikipedia indicates that it has 160 million native speakers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language. 12
Wu Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 77,200,000 -- 77 million native 13
জাভানীস Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, সুন্দা-সুলাওেসি 75,500,000 75,600,000 70-75 million 14
তেলেগু দ্রাবির, South Central 69,700,000 69,700,000 70 million native, 5 million second language, = 75 million total (2001)[১৮] 15
মারাঠি ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, ইন্দো-ইরানী, ইন্দো-আর্য 68,000,000 68,000,000 68 million native, 3 million second language, = 71 million total 16
ভিয়েতনামী Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Vietic 67,400,000 68,000,000 70 million native, perhaps up to 16 million second language, = ~ 86 million total 17
কোরিয়ান Considered either language isolate or Altaic 74,000,000 78,000,000 80,000,000 18
তামিল ভাষা দ্রাবির, Southern 66,000,000 66,000,000 68 million native, 9 million second language, = 77 million total[১৯] 19
ইতালীয় ভাষা ইন্দো-ইউরোপীয়ান, ইটালিক ভাষাগোষ্ঠি।ইটালিক, Romance 61,500,000 62,000,000 Regarded as fourth or fifth most studied language in the world, therefore there are about 120 million italophones in the world. 20

[সম্পাদনা] 10 to 60 million native speakers

Language Family Ethnologue (2005 estimate)[২০] Encarta estimate[২] Other estimates Ranking by Ethnologue estimate
Cantonese Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 54.8 million -- 66 million 21
Sindhi Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in India, Pakistan. Significant communities in People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong) ?, Oman? and Gibraltar. 54.5 million (2006) 41.5 million native, 13 million second language, = 30 million total (2001 Johnstone and Mandryk) 22
Turkish Altaic, Turkic, Oghuz Official in Turkey and North Cyprus 74 million 61 million 74 million (2006 estimate)[২১] + 15 million second language = 89 million 23
Min Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 46.2 million -- Southern Min: 49m, Northern Min 10.43m 24
Gujarati Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 46.1 million 46.1 million -- 25
Maithili Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 45 million (included in "Hindi") 26
Polish Indo-European, Slavic, West 42.7 million 52 million -- 27
Ukrainian Indo-European, Slavic, East 39.4 million 47 million -- 28
Persian Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian 39.4 million [২২] 31.3 million ca. 72 million;[২৩] sometimes taken to include all of Southwestern Iranian (Luri, Tati, and other); ca. 62 million second language[তথ্যসূত্র প্রয়োজন], ca. 134 million total 29
Malayalam Dravidian, Southern - India 35.8 million 35.7 million 38 million native, 10 million second language = 48 million 30
Kannada Dravidian, Southern 35.4 million 35.4 million 55 million native, 9 million second language, = 64 million total[তথ্যসূত্র প্রয়োজন] 31
Tamazight (Berber) Afro-Asiatic, Berber, Northern National language in Algeria, Mali and Niger (Tuaregs); unrecognized in Morocco, Libya and Tunisia. Large migrant communities in France, Benelux, Spain and Germany . 32.3 million (2006) 37+ million (1998) 32
Oriya Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 31.7 million 32.3 million -- 33
Azerbaijani Altaic, Turkic, Oghuz 31 million 31.4 million 25–35 million native, including Qashqai (data for Iran uncertain); 8 million second language (outside Iran) 34
Hakka Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 29.9 million -- 34 million 35
Bhojpuri Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan 26 million (included in "Hindi") 126 million total 36
Burmese Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Lolo-Burmese 22 million (1996) 32.3 million (2006) 32 million native, 10 million second language, = 42 million total 37
Gan Sino-Tibetan, Chinese 21 million -- 48 million, 29 million in Jiangxi[২৪] 38
Thai Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Be-Tai, Tai-Sek, Tai 20.05 million (1996) 46.1 million (2006) ~31 million native (1983 SIL, 1990 Diller, 2000 WCD) (dated data), = ~60 million first and second language (2001 A. Diller). Includes Southern Thai, Northern Thai/Western Lao, but not Shan, Isan, or Lao. 39
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively, or as an immigrant language, by more than 1% of the population SIL estimate[২] Other estimates Ranking by SIL estimate
Sundanese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Native to Indonesia (origin in western Java) 27 million (2006) 27 million (1990) 40
Romanian Indo-European, Italic, Romance Official in Moldova, Romania, Serbia (Vojvodina). Significant communities in Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Spain, Ukraine, USA. 26.3 million (2006) 26 million native,[২] 4 million second language. The total is about 30 million.[২৫] 41
Hausa Afro-Asiatic, Chadic, West Official in Niger, north Nigeria. Significant communities in Chad, Benin, Ghana, Sudan 24.2 million (2006) 24 million native, ~15 million second language, = ~40 million total 42
Pashto Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern Official in Afghanistan. Native to Pakistan. Significant communities in Iran, United Arab Emirates. 60 million (2006) 65-70 million (data uncertain; ethnic population ~60 million) 43
Serbo-Croatian Indo-European, Slavic, South Official in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia, under names Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian respectively. Significant communities in Austria, Germany, Hungary, Macedonia, Romania, Slovenia. 21.1 million (2006) 17 million 44
Uzbek Altaic, Turkic, Eastern Official in Uzbekistan. Native to Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan 20.1 million (2006) 20 million (1995) 45
Dutch Indo-European, Germanic, West Official in Belgium, Kingdom of the Netherlands, Suriname. Significant communities in South Africa, Bonaire island and Sint Maarten island 20 million (2006) 25 million[২৬][১৫] 46
Yoruba Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Defoid, Yoruboid Official in Nigeria. 20 million (2006) 19 million native, 2 million second language, = 21 million total (1993) 47
Amharic Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, South Official in Ethiopia. Significant communities in Israel. 17.4 million (2006) 27 million native (32.7% Ethiopia [1994 census] and 2.7 million emigrants), 10% (7 million) as a second language = 34 million total 48
Oromo Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Cushitic National language of Ethiopia. Significant communities in Kenya 17.2 million (2006) 24 million native (31.6% of Ethiopia [1994 census]), ~2 million second language, = 26 million total (1998 census) 49
Indonesian Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian 23.1 million, national language in Indonesia 17.1 million 140 million second language 50
Filipino Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Official and Native in Philippines. Significant communities in Canada, People’s Republic of China (Hong Kong), Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United States (Alaska, California, Guam, Hawaii, Northern Mariana Islands). 17 million (2006) 22 million native (2000 census), ~65 million second language, = 85 million total 51
Kurdish Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Western, Northwestern Official in Iraq. Native to Armenia, Iran, Syria, Turkey. Significant communities in Germany, Lebanon. 16 million (all varieties) ~31,417,000[তথ্যসূত্র প্রয়োজন] (see article for full list) 52
Language Family Official status and where spoken natively, or as an immigrant language, by more than 1% of the population SIL estimate[২] Number of speakers Ranking by number of native speakers
Somali Afro-Asiatic, Cushitic, East Official in Somalia. Native to Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya. Significant communities in Canada, Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Sweden, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Yemen. 9.8 million (2006) 10-16 million native and at least 500,000 second-language speakers.million (2004 WCD) 49
Lao Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Tai Official in Laos. Native to Thailand. 3.2 million (2006) ~19 million Lao-Phutai dialects (including Isan) (data dated) 50
Cebuano Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines Native to Philippines 15 million (2006) 18.5 million native, ~11.5 million second language, = 30 million total (2000 census) 51
Greek Indo-European, Greek Official in Cyprus, Greece. Significant communities in Albania, Australia, Canada, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Russia, South Africa, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, USA. 15 million (2007) 12 million (2004), up to 10–12 million more second language 52
মালয় ভাষা Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi, Malayic Official in Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore. Native to Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand. Significant communities in Australia, Bahrain. 23.6 million (2006) 18 million native, 3 million second language, = 21 million total (not counting Indonesian) 53
Igbo Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Igboid Official in Nigeria 18 million (2006) 18 million native (1999 WA), unknown number second language. 54
Malagasy Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Borneo-Philippines, Barito Official in Madagascar. Significant communities in Mayotte, Réunion. 10.5 million (2006) 17 million 55
Nepali Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in Nepal, India (Sikkim). Significant communities in Bhutan. approx. 30 million in Nepal, 16 million as native tongue and 15 million as a second language (2006) 40 million (2006) 56
Assamese Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in India (Assam). Significant communities in Bhutan and Bangladesh. 15.4 million (2006) 15 million (1997). Assamese is spoken and/or understood by most everyone in the state of Assam. Assam had a population of 26.7 million in 2003-04. So, Assamese has another 8-10 million second language speakers. Assamese is also understood and spoken widely in Arunachal Pradesh with a population of 1.1 million. These are mostly second or third language speakers. Various tribes in Nagaland with a population 2 million use Nagamese, a variant of Assamese, for communication. Thus, a total of approximately, 28-30 million people speak and understand Assamese. 57
Shona Niger-Congo, Benue-Congo, Bantu National language of Zimbabwe. Significant communities in Botswana, Mozambique. 14 million (2006) 15 million native, 1.8 million second language, = 16–17 million total, including Ndau, Manyika (2000 A. Chebanne) 58
Khmer Austro-Asiatic, Mon-Khmer, Khmer Official in Cambodia. Significant communities in Thailand, United States (California), Vietnam 8 million (2006) 14 million native, 1 million second language, = 15 million total (2004) 59
Zhuang Tai-Kadai, Kam-Tai, Tai Official in People's Republic of China (Guangxi) 14 million (2006) 14 million native (1992), unknown number second language 60
Madurese Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Sunda-Sulawesi Native to Indonesia (Originally Java, Madura) 13.7 million (2006) 14 million (1995) 61
Hungarian Uralic, Finno-Ugric, Ugric Official in Hungary, Serbia (Vojvodina), Slovenia, Austria. Significant communities in Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, United States, Israel 14.5 million (2006) 14 million native (1995) 62
সিংহলী ভাষা Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan Official in Sri Lanka. Significant communities in United Arab Emirates 13.2 million (2006) 13 million native, 2 million second language, = 15 million total (1993) 63
Fula Niger-Congo, Atlantic, Northern, Senegambian Official in Niger, Nigeria. National language in Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Senegal. Significant communities in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Sierra Leone. 11.4 million (2006) ~13 million (all varieties) 64
চেক ভাষা Indo-European, Slavic, West Official in Czech Republic. 12 million (2006) 12 million (1990 WA). 65



[সম্পাদনা] References

  1. ↑ Ethnologue. প্রকাশক: SIL Haley. http://www.ethnologue.com. 
  2. ↑ ২.০ ২.১ ২.২ ২.৩ ২.৪ ২.৫ Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People. প্রকাশক: Microsoft Encarta 2006. http://encarta.msn.com/media_701500404/Languages_Spoken_by_More_Than_10_Million_People.html। সংগৃহীত হয়েছে: 2007-02-18. 
  3. ↑ http://www.krysstal.com/spoken.html পৃথিবীর প্রধান ৩০টি কথিত ভাষা
  4. ↑ [১] (1999)
  5. ↑ [২] (1999)
  6. ↑ http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761557681/Spanish_Language.html
  7. ↑ [৩]
  8. ↑ Ethnologue - Spanish language
  9. ↑ Ethnologue - 1999 WA--source for the second figure)
  10. ↑ Instituto Cervantes ("El Mundo" news)
  11. ↑ [৪] (1999)
  12. ↑ Curtis, Andy. Color, Race, And English Language Teaching: Shades of Meaning. 2006, page 192.
  13. ↑ http://mockingbird.creighton.edu/english/fajardo/teaching/eng520/intro-lang.htm
  14. ↑ Languages of the World, 14th ed. 2000 University of Helsinki
  15. ↑ ১৫.০ ১৫.১ Europeans and Languages (English ভাষায়). প্রকাশক: European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_237.en.pdf। সংগৃহীত হয়েছে: 2007-02-18. 
  16. ↑ Ethnologue (SIL), 1999, as cited in http://www2.ignatius.edu/faculty/turner/worldlang.htm ; figure includes Haitian Creole French
  17. ↑ DGLF - La francophonie en chiffres
  18. ↑ Top 30 Language Spoken in the World by Number of Speakers
  19. ↑ Top 30 Language Spoken in the World by Number of Speakers
  20. ↑ Ethnologue, Languages of the World
  21. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_243_en.pdf
  22. ↑ sum of 10 dialects; 43 million if all of Southwestern Iranian is included.[৫]
  23. ↑ 2006 CIA Factbook: Iran 39 M (58%), Afghanistan 15 M (50%), Tajikistan 5.8 M (80%), Uzbekistan 1.2 M (4.4%)
  24. ↑ http://ling.cass.cn/fangyan/dituji/LANGUAGE%20ATLAS%20OF%20CHINA.html The population of Gan speakers is 48 million
  25. ↑ The Latin Union reports 28 million speakers for Romanian, out of whom 24 million are native speakers of the language: Latin Union - The odyssey of languages: ro, es, fr, it, pt; see also Ethnologue report for Romanian
  26. ↑ Het Nederlandse taalgebied (Dutch ভাষায়). প্রকাশক: Taalpeil. http://taalunieversum.org/taalpeil/het_nederlandse_taalgebied.html। সংগৃহীত হয়েছে: 2007-02-18. 


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