গেটিসবার্গের ভাষণ
গেটিসবার্গ অ্যাড্রেস (ইংরেজি:Gettysburg Address) মার্কিন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের রাষ্ট্রপতি আব্রাহাম লিংকন ঘোষিত একটি বিখ্যাত ভাষণ।[১] আব্রহাম লিংকন আমেরিকার গৃহযুদ্ধের সময় ১৮৬৩ সালের ১৯ নভেম্বর পেনসালভেনিয়ার গেটিসবার্গে তিনি এ ভাষন দেন।
তথ্যসূত্র[সম্পাদনা]
- ↑ Historian James McPherson has called it "The most eloquent expression of the new birth of freedom brought forth by reform liberalism.", in McPherson, James M. Drawn with the Sword: Reflections on the American Civil War Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. p. 185. Google Book Search. Retrieved on November 27, 2007.
গ্রন্থপঞ্জি[সম্পাদনা]
- Barton, William E. (1950). Lincoln at Gettysburg: What He Intended to Say; What He Said; What he was Reported to have Said; What he Wished he had Said. New York: Peter Smith.
- Boritt, Gabor (2006). The Gettysburg Gospel: The Lincoln Speech That Nobody Knows Simon & Schuster. 432 pp. আইএসবিএন ০-৭৪৩২-৮৮২০-৩
- Busey, John W., and Martin, David G., Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, 4th Ed., Longstreet House, 2005, আইএসবিএন ০-৯৪৪৪১৩-৬৭-৬.
- Gramm, Kent. (2001) November: Lincoln's Elegy at Gettysburg. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. আইএসবিএন ০-২৫৩-৩৪০৩২-২.
- Herndon, William H. and Welk, Jesse W. (1892) Abraham Lincoln: The True Story of A Great Life (Vol II). New York: D. Appleton and Company.
- Kunhardt, Philip B., Jr. (1983) A New Birth of Freedom: Lincoln at Gettysburg. Little Brown & Co. 263 pp. আইএসবিএন ০-৩১৬-৫০৬০০-১
- Lafantasie, Glenn. "Lincoln and the Gettysburg Awakening." Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association 1995 16(1): 73–89. Issn: 0898-4212
- McPherson, James M. (1988). Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (Oxford History of the United States). Oxford: Oxford University Press. আইএসবিএন ০-১৯-৫০৩৮৬৩-০.
- McPherson, James M. (1996). Drawn with the Sword: Reflections on the American Civil War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. আইএসবিএন ০-১৯-৫০৯৬৭৯-৭
- Murphy, Jim. (1992) The Long Road to Gettysburg. New York: Clarion Books. 128 pp. আইএসবিএন ০-৩৯৫-৫৫৯৬৫-০
- Prochnow, Victor Herbert. ed. (1944). Great Stories from Great Lives. Freeport: Books for Libraries Press, 1944. আইএসবিএন ০-৮৩৬৯-২০১৮-X
- Rawley, James A. (1966). Turning Points of the Civil War. University of Nebraska Press. আইএসবিএন ০-৮০৩২-৮৯৩৫-৯.
- Reid, Ronald F. "Newspaper Responses to the Gettysburg Addresses." Quarterly Journal of Speech 1967 53(1): 50–60. Issn: 0033-5630.
- Sandburg, Carl. (1939) "Lincoln Speaks at Gettysburg." In: Abraham Lincoln: The War Years New York: Harcourt, Brace & Company. II, 452-457. ASIN: B000BPD8GC
- Sauers, Richard A. (2000) "Battle of Gettysburg." In Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. Heidler, David S., and Heidler, Jeanne T., eds. W. W. Norton & Company. আইএসবিএন ০-৩৯৩-০৪৭৫৮-X.
- Selzer, Linda. "Historicizing Lincoln: Garry Wills and the Canonization of the 'Gettysburg Address." Rhetoric Review Vol. 16, No. 1 (Autumn, 1997), pp. 120–137.
- Simon, et al., eds. (1999) The Lincoln Forum: Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg, and the Civil War. Mason City: Savas Publishing Company. আইএসবিএন ১-৮৮২৮১০-৩৭-৬
- White, Ronald C. Jr. (2005) The Eloquent President: A Portrait of Lincoln Through His Words. New York: Random House. আইএসবিএন ১-৪০০০-৬১১৯-৯
- Wieck, Carl F. (2002) Lincoln's Quest for Equality: The Road to Gettysburg. Northern Illinois University Press. 224 pp. আইএসবিএন ০-৮৭৫৮০-২৯৯-০
- Wills, Garry. (1992) Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America. New York: Simon and Schuster. 319 pp. আইএসবিএন ০-৬৭১-৭৬৯৫৬-১
- Wilson, Douglas L. (2006). Lincoln's Sword: The Presidency and the Power of Words. Knopf. 352 pp. আইএসবিএন ১-৪০০০-৪০৩৯-৬
বহিঃসংযোগ[সম্পাদনা]
- Library of Congress, Gettysburg Address exhibit
- Gettysburg National Military Park (GNMP) Gettysburg Historical Handbook ওয়েব্যাক মেশিনে আর্কাইভকৃত ৬ মার্চ ২০১৬ তারিখে
- Online Lincoln Coloring Book for Teachers and Students
- Cornell University Library exhibit on Contemporary newspaper reactions.
- Abraham Lincoln: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
- Gettysburg Address read by Sam Waterston, Matthew Broderick, Ken Burns, David McCullough, Stephen Lang, Paul W. Bucha, etc. Music by John Williams.
- Gettysburg Address audio performances by Jeff Daniels, Jim Getty, Johnny Cash, Colin Powell, Sam Waterston, and W.F. Hooley from AmericanRhetoric.com
- Mencken and More on Lincoln's Speech, David Martin, November 22, 2008.
- The Gettysburg Address An online exhibition from the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution